
The the first four Capétiens, which knows the power of large, do not undertake to reduce them to obedience, and are satisfied to be their suzerains, i.e.
the large ones are the vassal ones of the king, and not of the subjects.
Hugues Capet (987-996) is powerful only like duke of France; as king it hardly has but one title and of the rights.
Robert the Piles (996-1031) hardly differs from a lord in his relationship with the Emperor and the Pope.
Henri 1st (1031-1060) cannot defend his rights in Lorraine against the empiètements of Germany.
Philippe 1st (1060-1108) shows energy only against the Pope, but its reign is marked by the greatest events: inside establishment of the first communes, associations of the inhabitants of the cities against the whims of the feudal lords; outside the conquest of England by the Norman ones (1066), and the first crusade (see N°17).
Conquest of England by the Norman ones
With the death of Edouard the Confessor (1066), the Anglo-Saxons are given for king Harold; but Guillaume, duke of Normandy, claim the crown, and, supported by the Church, it invades England with 60 000 men, beats and kills Harold with Hastings, and enters to London (1066).
Become king d' Angleterre, Guillaume, called the Conqueror, enriches his Norman knights by the skins of the Anglo-Saxons, and establishes in England the feudalism.
